Header

The Signal Origin
The Receive Antenna
The Free Space Link
Antenna Gain vs Effective Area
The Path Loss Myth
Radar Cross Section (RCS)
The Origin and Behavior of Noise
The Noisy Resistor
What are Noise Factor and Noise Figure?
The Linear Amplifier
Noise Factor
IEEE Noise Factor Definition
Antenna Noise
Antenna and Receiver Noise
Equivalent Ideal System
Cascaded Stages
Noise Figure
Why Care About Noise Figure?
Signal Compression
2nd Order Intermodulation
Cascading 2nd Order Intermods
3rd Order Intermodulation
Cascading 3rd Order Intermods
Intermod Levels
3rd Order Intermod Example
AM-to-PM/FM Conversion
PM/FM-to-AM Conversion
Added-to-PM/FM Conversion
Quadrature Detection
General Zero-IF Receiver
Sampled 500 Hz Limited Signal
Phase Detector Noise Figure
Sampling of Bandpass Signals
General Nonzero-IF Receiver
Sampling of 1-2 Hz Passband
Sampling of 1.2-2.2 Hz Passband
Why Convert Frequency in a Receiver
Mixer Behavior – Outputs
Spurious Inputs to RF or IF Port
Spurious Tones Summed with LO
Exciter Upconverter
Exciter Crossover Outputs
Receive Downconverter
Receiver Crossover Responses
Dual Conversion Receiver
Spread Spectrum – Time Hopping
Spread Spectrum – Frequency Hopping
Spread Spectrum – Direct Sequence
Chirp
Angle-of-Arrival: Phase Comparison
Angle-of-Arrival: Amplitude Comparison
Amplifier Linearization
Generic Envelope Feedback
Envelope Feedback – High Dynamic Range
Complex Amplitude and Phase Feedback